Linux Distributions

There are seemingly countless Linux distributions to choose from (according to Wikipedia, almost 1,000).

This will just highlight a few of the more popular or interesting distributions (distros).

For burning an ISO to a flash drive (in order to boot Linux), use Etcher

For more complicated burning operations, use Rufus (Windows only)

Pop!_OS	Developed by System76, it has more up to date software than standard Ubuntu, so easier to get up and running. It is also used on System76 commercially sold computers , so there's peace of mind that driver support is paramount. Dedicated versions of AMD and Nvidia drivers preinstalled!
Manjaro	Based on Arch, geared to more advanced users, and uses rolling release cycle (like stock android release cycle), so you are always up to date on the latest software. Has ability to install drivers for you using Manjaro settings manager.
Kali Linux	The “hacking distro” built on Debian, with an excellent software suite built for penetration testing and network security.
Linux Mint	Currently using personally as its based on Ubuntu, and I'm running on an old Macbook Pro.
Puppy Linux	Build for old and low end PCs.
Tails	(Amnesic Incognito Live System) Aimed at privacy and anonymity. Forced to go through TOR. Great for improving anonymity on the darkweb.

Kubuntu	KDE
Lubuntu	A version of Ubuntu that is “lighter, less resource hungry and more energy-efficient” LXQt Desktop Environment
Ubuntu Budgie
Ubuntu Kylin
Ubuntu MATE	MATE (forked from GNOME 2) More traditional desktop metaphor Good for older hardware
Ubuntu Server
Ubuntu Studio
Xubuntu	Xfce Good on less powerful systems.

Since there is such a wide tree of Linux distributions, here is a broad overlook based on Wikipedia:
- RPM Based

RPM-based (.rpm package format)
- CentOS/RHEL (Red Hat)
- Fedora
- openSUSE
- urpmi
- apt-rpm
DEB-based (.deb package format; dpkg package manager; apt;)
- Debian
- MEPIS
- Knoppix
- Ubuntu
Pacman-based
Portage-based
Slackware-based